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Czech Healthcare Policy after 2010 in the Context of Heger's Reform
Řezníčková, Lucie ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis "Czech Healthcare Policy after 2010 in the Context of Heger's Reform", deals with the significant institutional change that was implemented in Czech healthcare law during the right-wing government, which claimed its reforms were necessary in order to balance the budget. The aim of this work is to analyze the development of Czech healthcare policy in the period 2010-2013 with respect to the case of Heger's reform. This thesis uses different methods of analyzing the political process, for example methods of institutional analysis, critical discourse analysis, and other methods. The main theoretical basis of this work consists of a social critique of the neoliberal approach to Czech health care policy, and of a study of healthcare systems, their functions and goals, and a study of health policy and its changes. Attention is paid especially to the context of human rights related to health and the international discourse. This thesis identifies the arguments of neoliberal ideology in the policy-making of Czech healthcare policy makers in the process of justifying reforms. It evaluates the legitimacy of reform changes that don't accept the opinion of the public and don't respond to the international discourse, and investigates how the reform introduces new legal terminology which...
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Primary healthcare development during the healthcare reform in China and future direction - with experience inspiration from UK
Ren, Wang ; Kotherová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Angelovská, Olga (referee)
Primary health care (PHC) is an effective way to "optimize and reorganize the health care service system" and solve the "difficulty in obtaining expensive medical services". In the process of China's promotion of health care reform, PHC has been placed at the core part. In this paper, by tracing the history of the development of China's PHC, and evaluating, analyzing and comparing the current similar policies in the field of PHC in China and Britain, a certain understanding of the effects of China's current PHC policies has been presented. In the end, some suggestions inspired by UK experiences been proposed for the future development of PHC in China. Keywords Primary health care; China; health care reform; UK primary health care
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The Introduction of Medicare and Medicaid Programs and First Experiences with Their Functioning (untill 1967)
Křivánek, Jan ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid programs and examines their functioning in 1966 and 1967. It summarizes the historical development of American health care until 1965 and notes the possible causes leading to the emergence of their specific market based healthcare. It shows a different view on healthcare solutions from representatives of the Republican and the Democratic parties. Detailed analysis of individual programs shows their shortcomings and possible problems. A key part of the thesis is the analysis of empirical data from 1964 to 1967. This part confirms the main hypothesis about the impossibility of self-financing in the first years of its operation. The charts illustrate the need for reform and the percentage changes in different types of healthcare costs. At the same time, it also points to the marginal cost of the programs in the context of the entire federal budget. It also shows the introduction of Medicare and Medicaid as a turning point and a starting point for the rise in total health spending in the US.
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Czech Healthcare Policy after 2010 in the Context of Heger's Reform
Řezníčková, Lucie ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis "Czech Healthcare Policy after 2010 in the Context of Heger's Reform", deals with the significant institutional change that was implemented in Czech healthcare law during the right-wing government, which claimed its reforms were necessary in order to balance the budget. The aim of this work is to analyze the development of Czech healthcare policy in the period 2010-2013 with respect to the case of Heger's reform. This thesis uses different methods of analyzing the political process, for example methods of institutional analysis, critical discourse analysis, and other methods. The main theoretical basis of this work consists of a social critique of the neoliberal approach to Czech health care policy, and of a study of healthcare systems, their functions and goals, and a study of health policy and its changes. Attention is paid especially to the context of human rights related to health and the international discourse. This thesis identifies the arguments of neoliberal ideology in the policy-making of Czech healthcare policy makers in the process of justifying reforms. It evaluates the legitimacy of reform changes that don't accept the opinion of the public and don't respond to the international discourse, and investigates how the reform introduces new legal terminology which...
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The Comparison between Health Care Reform of W. Clinton and Health Care Reform of B. Obama
Čermáková, Zuzana ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
Bachelor thesis The Comparison between Health Care Reform of W. Clinton and Health Care Reform of B. Obama deals with the health care system of the United States of America. The aim is to explore the mechanisms for securing affordable health coverage of the reform proposals of the last two Democratic presidents of the USA, The National Health Security Act and The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Despite a lapse of more than fifteen years the goals of proposals were the same. Both presidents called for reducing the federal deficit and the number of uninsured Americans. Analysis of the bills shows there are many similarities in the mechanisms for ensuring health insurance. Even if President Obama adopted a more conservative approach than President Clinton, both reform proposals were based on the system of managed competition and on the state intervention.
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Health care financing and economic development : a comparative study of the Czech Republic and Turkey
Arslan, Ayse Ruyem ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Mašková, Pavla (referee)
Health care systems in many countries around the world have been subject to major reform initiatives since 1980s and 1990s. The main rationale for reform was an increasing need to control costs in health care as the countries struggled to adapt to the global economic conjuncture and deal with their financial problems. The movement to reform health care arose in that context and spread amongst health care experts and policy makers. The aim of this study is to understand how reforms were initiated and what forces drove them. This topic is addressed through the case studies of change in health care policies in Turkey and the Czech Republic, both of which having experienced the influence of global economic trends, yet are defined by fundamentally different economic, political and social conditions. The findings of the study support that health policy ideas were diffused to the two countries via international policy networks; domestic contexts facilitated the diffusion. Interest groups were important actors in both countries, but the role played by various groups differed in the two countries. Finally, the countries appear to have tendency to converge to a certain degree with regard to their health financing system. Key words: Health care reform, policy diffusion, globalization, Czech Republic, Turkey.
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The Czech Republic's health care financing system from 1989 to 2015
Brečková, Lenka ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Bartůsková, Lucia (referee)
The bachelor thesis follows up funding Czech health system from 1989 to 2015. The goal is to provide comprehensive survey of funding Czech health system. The evolution of health system is described in the teoretical part. It is focused on the transformation of health system in 1989 followed by comparsion selected concepts published over the years. The practical part is focused on current system status. The emphasis is placed on comparsion of private and public expenditures and even within the each healthcare field. The conclusion contains analysis confirming significant predominance public expenditures on health system, but there is noticeable rising ratio of private expenditures.
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Analysis of healthcare financing in the Czech republic with particular regard to assessment of reasons and impacts of introducing regulatory fees in the years 2008--2015
Matláková, Eliška ; Chmelová, Pavla (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
The topic of this bachelor s thesis is healthcare financing in the Czech Republic. It predominantly focuses at the impact of regulatory fees introduced in 2008. The theoretical portion defines healthcare politics, its models as well as various ways of healthcare financing. The practical portion covers the issue that arose with the introduction of regulatory fees and especially aims at analyzing their impact at certain parameters of the healthcare market in the Czech Republic. The goal of this paper is to find out whether the aforementioned regulatory fees fulfilled their planned expectations, especially considering that the whole policy ended up being canceled seven years later. The analysis showed that its impacts were indeed positive and as predicted, which makes their cancellation questionable. This suggests that there must have been a different motive for the cancellation, because their effectiveness was demonstrable. The paper also contains a comparison to Slovakia, where regulatory fees were also introduced in the past and the development of their cancellation can be analogous in the Czech Republic. Analysis of certain parameters of the Slovakian healthcare market proved that the cancellation was not effective, because the observed parameters are slowly shifting back to their original values and the issue of healthcare overuse has also started reappearing.
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Analysis of the Health Insurance Systems in the Czech republic and United States and Their Comparision
Janega, Štěpán ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
Expenditures on health are currently an important and growing item of public as well as private budgets in the developed world. This diploma thesis analyzes two different approaches to the function of health insurance on the example of the Czech Republic and the United States of America. The theoretical part will generally characterize access to health care through different theories; there will be also introduced the system of health insurance and the agents on health care market. The specifics of the health care market will be also explained. The analytical part of the work will focus on health insurance systems in the Czech Republic and the United States and their development, with accent on major reforms of recent years. With mutual comparison of the two systems, thesis will examine the shortcomings of public health insurance and private health insurance, including the effectiveness of their removal. Afterwards, the analysis of selected indicators of health care will be provided. The aim of the work is an analysis of the different systems of health insurance in the Czech Republic and the United States with relationship to the recent reforms and evaluation of their mutual effectiveness.
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